By: Sanjay Verma
“Volcanoes, a global natural occurrence, have a long history of eruptions. Many are now dormant, but some remain active due to geological factors.”
Kilauea Volcano on Hawaii's Big Island, active for about 100,000 years, continuously erupts since 1983. Its recent eruption in May 2018, lasting 22 days, devastated the island, destroying homes and taking lives.
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Fuego Volcano in Guatemala, approximately 230,000 years old, is highly active. It experienced eruptions between 1747 and 1874, with its last eruption in 2009. The name "Fuego" means "fire" in Spanish.
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Etna Volcano, Europe's most active, in Sicily, Italy, has erupted for around 300,000 years. With over 100 eruptions since 1600 BCE, it boasts a unique, less arid landscape in the region.
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The Taupo Volcanic Zone in New Zealand, around 300,000 years old, is a North Island volcanic belt extending from Tararua Ranges to Kaingaroa Ranges. Major eruptions in 1866 and 1886 caused massive ash ejections and widespread damage.
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Loihi Seamount, around 400,000 years old, is a submarine volcano near Hawaii, USA. It's a shield volcano with a broad base, and its summit rises over 2,000 meters (6,560 feet) above sea level.
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Merapi Volcano, around 400,000 years old, is an active volcano in East Java, Indonesia. It's one of the world's most active volcanoes, with over 130 eruptions recorded since its discovery by Europeans.
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Pavlof Volcano, Alaska, 400,000+ years old, ultra-active with 100+ eruptions since 1879. Known as "The Gateway to the Last Frontier" since 1792, it features North America's largest glacier, concealed by ice, limiting space observation.
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Taal Volcano, Philippines, 500,000+ years old, active with 35+ eruptions since 1614 last erupted 2005, 2020 eruption damaged surroundings, known for its unique lava lake, shared only with Mount Nyiragongo and Mount Kilauea.
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Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines, 1.1+ million years old, last erupted 1991, formed by two powerful eruptions in 1511-1514 and 1541-1543.. The eruption resulted in the loss of approximately 9,000 lives and inflicted extensive damage.
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With a history dating back 2.5 million years, Japan's Mt. Unzen is the world's oldest active volcano. It erupted as recently as 1984 and played a crucial role in sulfur mining for gunpowder production during the Edo period.
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