Building upon Mesopotamian knowledge, ancient Greek medicine emerged around 400 BCE. Hippocrates, the "Father of Medicine," emphasized rational observation and diagnosis, shifting the focus from supernatural causes of illness to natural ones. The Greeks made significant contributions in anatomy, physiology, and ethics in medical practice.
In the cradle of civilization, between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, flourished Mesopotamian medicine around 3,500 BCE. The Babylonians developed a complex medical system based on detailed observations and case studies. They performed surgeries, prescribed herbal remedies, and even had hospitals dedicated to patient care.
Egyptians were pioneers in medicine as early as 3,000 BCE. They excelled in surgery, setting fractures, and wound care. Their understanding of anatomy was impressive, depicted in detailed medical papyri. Egyptians also believed in the importance of a healthy diet and used plants extensively for medicinal purposes.
With roots tracing back to 4,000 years ago in China, TCM offers a unique perspective on health. It centers on the flow of vital energy (qi) through the body and seeks to maintain harmony between yin and yang, opposing forces. TCM incorporates acupuncture, herbal remedies, dietary therapy, and martial arts-inspired exercises to achieve balance and well-being.
Ayurveda, meaning "science of life" in Sanskrit, boasts origins dating back to around 3,000 BCE in India. This holistic system emphasizes balance between mind, body, and spirit, utilizing diet, herbs, massage, and yoga to promote health. Ayurveda continues to be practiced extensively in India and is gaining interest globally for its focus on preventative care and wellness.